The new legislation only affects class 1a buildings (e.g. houses/townhouses) and class 2 buildings (e.g. units/apartments), as well as caravans and motorhomes. It does not include short term stay dwellings such as motels, dormitories or other buildings. These other buildings are covered by the requirements of the National Construction Code (NCC).

Dwellings constructed pre 1997 may have battery operated smoke alarms.

Dwellings constructed after 2014 are required to have their smoke alarms interconnected to each other.

If the smoke alarms are older than 10-years or if they fail to operate when tested they must be replaced.

If they are replaced they must be replaced with AS3786-2014 compliant photoelectric smoke alarms and powered by what is currently there (i.e. if they are powered by 240-volt they must be replaced with 240-volt smoke detectors, otherwise they can be powered by 10 year non-removable batteries)

All smoke alarms that are required by legislation, when necessary, must be replaced with Australian Standard 3786–2014 compliant smoke alarms. 

From 1 January 2022 for dwellings being leased, re-leased or sold.

From 1 July 2024 for all caravans or motorhomes whose registration is commencing or being transferred.

From 1 January 2027 for all other dwellings and registered caravans and motorhomes.

The smoke alarms installed after these dates will be required to be powered by either hard-wired 240-volt or 10-year non-removable 10 year battery and be interconnected by either wired or wirelessly to all other required smoke alarms in the dwelling.  All smoke alarms that are required by legislation must be AS3786–2014 compliant smoke alarms. 

From 1 January 2022 for dwellings being leased, released or sold.

From 1 July 2024 for all caravans or motorhomes whose registration is commencing or being transferred.

From 1 January 2027 for all other dwellings and registered caravans and motorhomes.

Smoke alarms must be installed on each storey:

• in each bedroom; and
• in hallways which connect bedrooms and the rest of the dwelling; or
• if there is no hallway, between the bedrooms and other parts of the storey; and
• if there are no bedrooms on a storey at least one smoke alarm must be installed in the most likely path of travel to exit the dwelling.

For caravans and motorhomes, a smoke alarm can be placed anywhere on the ceiling. QFD recommends placing it near where the bed is. If you sleep in the annexe you can also place one there.

Additional information is available in the Smoke Alarm Installation Fact Sheet. (PDF 548 KB)

While the centre of the room is the preferred location for smoke alarms, this is not a requirement. On the ceiling and they must be 300mm from corners or lights and 400mm from anything that may blow air such as an air conditioner or the edge of the blade of a ceiling fan. There are special requirements for sloping ceilings and ceilings with exposed beams.

All new constructions and major renovations require hardwired 240-volt smoke alarms. 

An existing dwelling with 240-volt smoke alarms must replace them when required with 240-volt photoelectric type smoke alarms.

An existing dwelling with battery operated smoke alarms may replace them when required with battery operated photoelectric type smoke alarms that meet the Australian Standard 3786–2014.

From 1 January 2022 for dwellings being leased/released or sold, or 1 January 2027 for all other dwellings, all battery operated smoke alarms must be 10-year non-removable battery smoke alarms.

This means that if one smoke alarm detects smoke, they all sound. Interconnected smoke alarms are connected to other smoke alarms in the dwelling either directly or wirelessly.

Smoke alarms can be interconnected any way that allows all smoke alarms to sound when one is in alarm (i.e. when one activates they all sound). This can be done by physically wiring together or using wireless technology (or a combination of both). Wireless technology is available for both 240-volt and battery operated smoke alarms.

If you have any concerns about a business or traders smoke alarm service or suspect they have provided false and/or misleading information about smoke alarms, visit the consumer rights and complaints website to understand your rights. Complaints can also be reported to the Office of Fair Trading through the consumer rights and complaints website.

240-volt smoke alarms connect to the electricity supply and must be connected by a licenced electrician.

Avoid unscrupulous traders. Unscrupulous traders may try to take advantage of the new requirements for smoke alarms. They might:

• try to sell you non-compliant smoke alarms
• say incorrect things about the law to get you to buy more expensive smoke alarms, or tell you the law says you have to have more smoke alarms installed than you really need.

It is illegal for a business or trader to sell you something that is false or misleading. You should also double-check any information passed on to you by your real estate agent or body corporate manager.

There are extra rules for door-to-door and telephone sales. Find out more about buying smoke alarms by visiting the Consumer rights, complaints and scams website.

The landlord is responsible for the installation of smoke alarms that comply with legislation.

Additional information on installation is available in the Smoke Alarm Installation Fact Sheet.

Within 30 days before the start of a tenancy in a domestic dwelling, the lessor/landlord must test each smoke alarm in the dwelling in compliance with Fire Services Act 1990 - section 104RAA(3). 

During a tenancy in a domestic dwelling, the tenant must test each smoke alarm in the dwelling, in compliance with Fire and Emergency Services Act - section 104RAA(3), at least every 12 months. 

QFD interprets that a tenancy means a right to occupy residential premises given under a residential tenancy agreement to which the Residential Tenancies and Rooming Accommodation Act 2008 applies.

Therefore, when there is a renewal or extension of an existing tenancy, the obligation is on the lessor/landlord, because each renewal or extension creates a new right for the tenant to occupy the residential dwelling.

Test is defined in the Fire Services Act 1990 - 104RAA - it is defined as pressing the “test” button or as stated in the manufacturer’s instructions. 

Clean is also defined by the Fire Services Act 1990 - 104RG - and that is “in the way stated in the manufacturer’s instructions”, it provides the example of vacuuming the smoke alarm to clear it of any debris that may have the potential to cause nuisance activations or effect the performance of the smoke alarm.
 

No - there is no legal requirement for any qualification or certification to test or clean a domestic smoke alarm.

Some real estate agents may outsource smoke alarm maintenance to another company with associated fees paid by the landlord.  The real estate may request a "certificate of compliance" from these companies as proof of service. This is not a legal requirement but may be part of the real estate agent's internal process. 

All smoke alarms that are required to be installed or replaced by the legislation must be a photoelectric type smoke alarm that complies with Australian Standard 3786–2014.

Australian Standard 3786–2014 requires the smoke alarm to have "AS3786–2014" on it.

The new domestic smoke alarm legislation only applies to domestic dwellings (e.g. houses, townhouses, apartments, units, caravans, motorhomes).  It does not apply to motel buildings.

Yes. The regulatory authority of the domestic smoke alarm legislation in Queensland is the Queensland Fire Department (QFD), under the Fire Services Act 1990 and the Building Fire Safety Regulation 2008.

However, the domestic smoke alarm legislation was introduced to provide early occupant warning to all occupants of a dwelling in the event of a fire. This early warning combined with a practised fire escape plan ensures all occupants can safely exit.

Ionisation smoke alarms may not operate in time to alert you early enough to escape a smouldering fire. Smouldering fires are the major cause of fatalities in house fires.

If hardwired interconnected photoelectric smoke alarms are activating and there is no identifiable cause for the activation (eg. dust), the issue could be related to either the power supply or incorrect installation. Hardwired smoke alarms refer to devices which are connected to the household 240 volt supply.

(There are a number of reasons for false activations originating from battery operated alarms such has maintenance i.e. dirt trapped in the alarm, age of the device or a faulty device.)

In some regional or remote areas in Queensland, fluctuations in the power supply travelling to your house or from electrical/electronic equipment in your home may cause false activations of hardwired smoke alarms. This is also known as ‘dirty power’ and solar energy may also cause these fluctuations in power supply. To overcome this problem, a filter can be installed on the switchboard to reduce the impact of these fluctuations in power supply.

Incorrect installation of smoke alarms can also cause false activations of hardwired interconnected photoelectric smoke alarms. Manufacturers have specific instructions which must be followed when installing interconnected photoelectric smoke alarms. Smoke alarms should not be connected to lighting circuits with dimmers as this will cause false activations.

To reduce the instance of false activations, homeowners should discuss the installation of hardwired (240v) smoke alarms with a licensed electrician who can provide advice and solutions.

If you have a specific question or require further clarification, please email SmokeAlarms@qfes.qld.gov.au. If you don’t have access to email please phone the Queensland Government helpline on 13 QGOV (13 74 68).